Transferability of cognitive training in children with ADHD: Comparison of remediation and compensation approaches

This study evaluates the effectiveness of two cognitive training interventions—Attentive Rehabilitation of Attention and Memory (ARAM) and the Program for Executive Function Training (PETRA)- in improving behavioral symptoms and cognitive functions in preschoolers with ADHD. 47 preschool children with ADHD were randomly assigned to either the ARAM (N = 15), PETRA (N = 15), or control group (N = 17). Cognitive functions and behavioral symptoms were assessed. Both ARAM and PETRA demonstrated improvements in inhibitory control, shifting attention, memory, planning, and emotion regulation, with sustained reductions in ADHD symptoms. The ARAM group showed greater transfer effects in the domains of function, implement, and ecology, while PETRA excelled in level and duration. Both cognitive interventions effectively enhanced cognitive functions and reduced symptoms, with ARAM favoring broader transferability and PETRA supporting long-term cognitive strategies.