Establishment and application of safety evacuation scheme evaluation model with entropy weight and TOPSIS for university dormitories in China

Ensuring safe and efficient evacuation in university dormitories is crucial for minimizing risks during emergencies. This study develops a comprehensive safety evacuation scheme evaluation model by integrating the entropy weight method and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS). The model aims to provide an objective and systematic approach to evaluate and rank evacuation schemes for university dormitories. A set of evaluation indicators, encompassing building layout, evacuation routes, emergency equipment, personnel readiness, and crowd dynamics, is established. The entropy weight method is employed to calculate the weight of each indicator, reflecting its relative importance. The TOPSIS method is then applied to measure the closeness of each evacuation scheme to the ideal solution, enabling comparative ranking. A case study conducted in 8 university dormitories in different regions validates the model’s practicality and effectiveness. The results demonstrate that the proposed model offers a robust decision-making tool for university administrators, aiding in optimizing evacuation plans and enhancing safety during emergencies.