Forty Years of Progress: A Bibliometric Journey through Assistive Devices and Disability Research (1984-2024)

Background: Assistive technology (AT) plays a vital role in improving independence, participation, and quality of life for people with disabilities, older adults, and individuals with chronic conditions. Despite its growing importance, there has been limited systematic evaluation of global bibliometric trends in this field over time. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Scopus database to identify research on assistive devices and disability published between 1984 and 2024. The dataset included 3,793 English-language articles and reviews. Data were analysed with Biblioshiny and VOSviewer to map conceptual, intellectual, and social structures, focusing on publication trends, influential authors, institutions, journals, funding agencies, keyword evolution, and collaboration networks. Results: The annual scientific output rose significantly after 2005, peaking in 2024 with 284 publications. Medicine accounted for the largest share of research (31.7%), followed by health professions, social sciences, and engineering. The United States (n=1615) led in productivity, followed by the UK and Canada, while the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Toronto emerged as top contributing institutions. Cooper R.A. was the most prolific author, while highly cited works highlighted advances in brain–computer interfaces, rehabilitation, and cognitive technologies. Keyword analysis revealed emerging themes in machine learning, accessibility, and aging, alongside enduring focus on disability, rehabilitation, and mobility. Collaboration networks showed strong clusters within high-income countries, with limited participation from low- and middle-income countries. Conclusion: Over four decades, assistive device and disability research has grown into a dynamic, multidisciplinary field dominated by a few countries, institutions, and journals. While emerging technologies such as brain–computer interfaces and AI applications drive innovation, gaps remain in equitable global participation and accessibility. Broader international collaboration and policy support are essential to diversify research and ensure inclusive access to assistive technologies.