Characterization and Evaluation of Adhatoda vasica and its green synthesized Nanoparticles for its efficacy in Culex quinquefasciatus

Adhatoda vasica , commonly referred to as Vasa or Vasaka, is a significant therapeutic herb in traditional ayurvedic practice. This study examines the therapeutic potential of leaves from A.vasica in treating Mosquito- borne diseases. The aqueous leaf extracts of A.vasica were employed as a reducing and capping agent for the nanoparticle synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed by using various characterization techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), UV-Visible Absorbance Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The analysis of plant- derived compounds in the leaf extracts using methanol, ethanol, chloroform and water showed the existence of alkaloids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins and glycosides. The leaf extracts of A.vasica and their nanoparticles demonstrated significant antibacterial, antioxidant and larvicidal efficacy. They also demonstrated efficient antibacterial efficacy against S. epidermidis , a bacterium known to cause secondary infections, in the case of Lymphatic Filariasis. The leaf extract and its AgNP’s act as a good Radical Scavenging Agent. The synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited a better larvicidal effect (LC ₅₀  = 34.38ppm) when compared to the leaf extracts. Subsequent studies will be carried out to analyze the efficacy of A.vasica and its nanomaterial through evaluating the macrofilaricidal activity and conducting in vitro analysis.